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fore, together with the patient, the nurse prioritizes problems depending on the

urgency, relationship, type of treatment prescribed by the doctor, as well as based

on the wishes, needs and safety of the patient. Priorities are classified into

primary,

intermediate, and secondary

. The

primary

priority is given to those problems that

can have a detrimental effect on the patient if measures are not taken to resolve

them (for example, emergency care is not provided).

Intermediate

priority is given

to those problems that include non-extreme and non-life-threatening needs of the

patient.

Secondary

priority issues are patient needs that are not directly related to

the disease or prognosis. Necessary to keep in mind that potential problems, if left

unaddressed, can become obvious and become a priority. Priorities are necessary

for the rational distribution of forces, time, and resources of a nurse.

The next task of the second stage is to formulate a

nursing diagnosis

. For ex-

ample, in patient with bronchial asthma, the following nursing diagnoses are like-

ly: shortness of breath, suffocation; high risk of suffocation; insufficient self-care;

a sense of fear.

A nursing diagnosis is a nurse clinical assertion that describes the nature of

the patient’s existing or potential reaction to the disease and their condition, with

an indication of the probable cause of such a reaction.

This is a well-considered

conclusion based on anamnesis and interpretation of the survey information.

The purpose of a nursing diagnosis

is to determine the patient’s needs, priori-

tize tasks, determine the scope of nursing intervention, and determine the causes

of the patient’s response.

Medical (doctor’s) diagnosis it is identification of a specific disease or patho-

logical process in a particular person with the aim of his treatment. A nurse’s

diagnosis is the formulation of a patient’s actual or potential reaction to a disease

or pathological process in order to correct this reaction.

Nursing diagnoses can be established in the patient, in the family, in the residents

of the same house, etc. Nursing diagnoses for a single disease can be several at once.

The third stage of the nursing process

(

planning of nursing care

) is to define

goals aimed at solving the patient’s problems and establish a strategy for achieving

these goals. The goal is formulated for each patient’s problem.

This stage is necessary to determine the priorities of care, to make up an indi-

vidual care plan in order to facilitate the adaptation of the patient and his family to

changes that may occur due to health disorders.

The goal is the patient’s expected response to nursing intervention.

The goal

setting should involve the nurse, the patient and his family, and other specialists.

It should be within the nursing competence and be directed at the patient.

When setting a goal, you must consider certain requirements:

• the goal must be real and achievable;

• the goal must have a specific time frame for achieving the goal (the principle

of «measurability»).