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175 an incredible story to spend free time to take part in ... 7. Work in pairs. Read the sentences to your friend and ask him/ her to translate them into Russian. Switch the roles. If you notice any mistakes, discuss them in pairs. Consult your teacher if necessary. 8. Speak of Nikolay Pirogov’s life and achievements in medicine according to the following plan: 1) childhood 2) studies 3) work 4) achievements Grammar tips: Past Perfect (had + V 3 ) + – ? I/you/he/she/it/we/they had operated. I/you/he/she/it/we/they had not (hadn’t) operated. Had I/you/he/she/it/we/ they operated? I/you/he/she/it/we/they had left. I/you/he/she/it/we/they had not (hadn’t) left. Had I/you/he/she/it/we/ they left? Past Perfect обозначает действие, которое завершилось до опреде- ленного момента в прошлом . Этот момент может быть показан при помощи: • точного указания времени (например, by that time, by 3 o’clock, by the end of June, by Tuesday): By the end of June she had passed her exam on Biology. I had finished the project by the beginning of the week. • упоминания другого действия, которое произошло в прошлом: The rain had stopped before we left the house. My sister had already left home when I arrived. Примечание : Если действия произошли друг за другом, то употребля- ется время Past Simple: I got up, had breakfast and left for medical academy.