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59 and thickened. It is used to remove gases from the intestine during bloating (flatulence). In flatulence, in addition, the patient should follow a special diet (restrict foods rich in vegetable fiber). Contraindications: acute inflammatory or ulcerative processes in the colon and anus; cracks in the anus; malignant tumors of the rectum, protrusion of the rectum; bleeding from the digestive tract. Equipment : flatus tube, bedpan with water, oilcloth, diaper, vaseline, spatula, cotton swabs, gloves. Endoscopic methods of research of digestive organs Fibrogastroduodenoscopy (FGDS) is image transmission using fiber optics. Fibrogastroduodenoscope is a flexible tube with an optical system, equipped with lenses for examination of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum (Fig. 25). Indications : diagnostic of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer, operated stomach disease; dynamic monitoring of the healing of gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer; local treatment of peptic ulcer. Contraindications: esophageal obstruction; mental diseases; severe forms of hypertension; myocardial infarction; condition after stroke; pulmonary heart failure; acute inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract. The sequence of actions in the preparation of the patient to the FGDS. 1. 3 days before the study, it is necessary to exclude food that causes gas formation in the intestine. 2. On the evening before investigation the last meal should be no later than 21 hours. 3. Conduct a psychotherapeutic conversa- tion about the goals and methods of research. 4. The study is conducted on an empty stomach (in the morning on the day of the study do not drink, do not take medication, do not smoke, do not use chewing gum). 5. Remind the patient to take a towel and remove the removable dentures. Fig. 25. Fibrogastroduodenoscope