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34 3. The structure of one of the groups of antipyretic and analgesic agents is based on the following compound: NH 2 HO Name this compound by the IUPAC substitutive nomenclature. 4. Show the regioselectivity of the radical substitution reaction by the example of bromination of propane and 2‑methylbutane when irradiated with UV light. 5. What substances are formed during the hydration of propene and 2‑methylpropene in an acid medium? What of the alkenes is more active in electrophilic addition reactions? Give a justification for the rule of Markovnikov. 6. Write the equation for the reaction of the electrophilic addition of hydrogen chloride to 2‑methylpropene, to acrylic (propene‑2‑oic) and butene‑2‑oic acid. 7. Write the equation for the reaction of isoprene (2‑methylbutadiene‑1,3) with one mole of bromine Br 2. 8. Write the equations of the reaction of propene with: a) Br 2 (g.); b) HCl; (g.); c) H 2 O. 9. At the bromination’s reaction of ethylbenzene, substitution can occur both in the aromatic ring and in the ethyl group. Write the bromination equations for eth- ylbenzene in each of these directions and name the products of the reactions. 10. Write the equation of methylation, sulfonation, bromination, nitration of toluene and benzoic acid. Laboratory work Experience 1. Oxidation of the methyl group of toluene. In a test tube with 10 drops of water, add 1 drop of KMnO4 solution and 4 drops of 5% H 2 SO 4. Add 4 drops of toluene and gently heat on the flame of the spirit lamp. What changes occur in the test tube? Write the reaction’s equation if it is known that an organic acid is formed. Will benzene be oxidized under these conditions? Experience 2. Bromination of terpenes. Pipette 3–5 drops of bromine water into the tube and add 2–3 drops of turpentine solution. Turpentine contains pinene, which has an unsaturated bond. What changes occur in the test tube? Finish the reaction equation. CH 3 H 3 C CH 3 + Br 2