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76 6. Dependent, independent and interdependent nursing interventions in the im- plementation of the nursing intervention plan in patients with urinary system pa- thology; 8. Emergency care for renal colic, acute urinary retention. the student must be able to : 1. Specify the complaints of a patient with a pathology of the urinary system; 2. Identify existing, potential, physiological, psychological problems of patients with urinary system pathology; 3. Make a nursing diagnosis of level I and II in the pathology of the urinary system; 4. Set short-term and long-term goals when solving a specific problem of a pa- tient with a pathology of the urinary system; 5. Make a plan of nursing interventions to solve a specific problem of a patient with a pathology of the urinary system; Content of the training material First stage of the nursing process Main complaints of the patient • Edema  is the most common complaint in kidney diseases. Renal edema has a number of characteristic features: edema develops quickly or even suddenly, be- ing the first sign of the disease. First of all, edema appears on the face and eyelids (in places with the most loose subcutaneous tissue). Skin with renal edema with pronounced pallor. The edema itself is soft, and even light pressure with the finger leads to the formation of a well-defined fossa. Edema appears in the morning, and may disappear in the evening. With the progression of the disease, edema spreads to the hands, trunk, legs, in severe cases, edema is usually evenly distributed over the trunk and limbs (such General edema of the body is called anasarca), fluid accumulates in the pleural and abdominal cavities, in the heart bag. It should be remembered that an early manifestation of developing hidden edema is an increase in body weight and a decrease in daily diuresis. To trace the dynamics of oedema during treatment help repeated every few days, measurement of the circumferences of the limbs and ab- domen on the same level, measurement of body weight of the patient, and deter- mining daily diuresis and water balance of the body (the ratio of consumed and egested per day fluid). • Disorders of urination (dysuric syndrome) – the second characteristic com- plaint is a syndrome characterized by a violation of the formation and excretion of urine. The formation of urine is one of the most important functions of the kidneys, which helps to maintain the constancy of the internal environment of the body (ho- meostasis). There are polyuria (increase in the daily amount of urine); oliguria (de- crease in the daily amount of urine); anuria (complete cessation of urine formation).