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20 Contraindications: the first period of fever, hypothermia, loss of skin sensitivity, violation of the integrity of the skin, swelling of any nature, collapse, shock, spastic pain. Complications: frostbite (if you do not take a break), hypothermia (if you keep more than 20 minutes). Heaters may be rubber and electric. The most convenient are electric heaters, because it is possible to regulate the degree of heating and to provide a constant temperature for any time. Mechanism of action : the heater due to dry heat causes reflex relaxation of smooth muscles, has analgesic and dissolving effect, increases blood filling of internal organs. Indications: local warming of individual areas and the whole body in chills, in contusion (on 2–3 days after it), in myositis, neuralgia, post-injection seals (infiltrate), in hypertensive crisis, for resorption of some chronic inflammatory foci, in the first period of fever. In abdominal pain, the heater can be used strictly according to the doctor’s prescription (with colic). Contraindications: bleeding, acute inflammation in the abdomen (acute appendicitis, acute cholecystitis), the first day after injury (trauma), damage and diseases of the skin, infected wounds, malignant tumors, the second period of fever, the unconscious state of the patient. Places to use heater are the fields of infiltration, lumbar region, liver region, the region of the stomach (strictly on prescription). Complications: burn the skin – in case of non-compliance with the technique of the procedure, due to the flow of the heating pad or a small wrap (one layer); skin pigmentation that occurs with prolonged use of heater. Compress  – is a therapeutic multi-layer bandage. Compresses are dry and wet, common and local. Wet compresses can be cold, hot, warming, medicinal. Cold compress Mechanism of action: cold compress causes cooling of the skin and blood vessels, reduces blood filling, pain, swelling of tissues. Indications : it can be used in the first hours after the injury (contusion), in nasal bleeding, in the second period of fever, etc. The local hot compress Mechanism of action: it dilates blood vessels, has a resorbtive, analgesic effect, relieves spasm of smooth muscles.