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27 With long-term presence of the patient in bed, it is convenient to use dry shampoos. Their main mechanism of action is based on the absorption of fat from the hair and scalp. You should just apply the powder to the hair, massage, and then comb patients’ hair and wipe with a towel, carefully removing the powder. These means are Batiste, dry shampoos with oat and nettle extract. Compact caps for washing hair are very convenient to use in a hospital. They already contain all the necessary components inside. The patient is put on the head such a cap, spend a few massaging movements, then remove it and wipe the head with a towel. Ear care The patient needs to clean the ears 2–3 times a week, to avoid forming sulfur plugs. Sulfur falls out of the ear in the form of lumps or crumbs. They can accumulate in the ear canal and form a waxy build-up; it significantly reduces the hearing. In such cases, ENT specialists make washing of the auditory canal. Rules of change of bed linen The first method of changing the bed linen – longitudinal – is used when the patient can turn on his side. 1. Roll the clean sheets to a roller along the length. 2. Remove blanket, raise the head of the patient and remove the pillow. 3. Turn the patient on his side. 4. Roll the free part of the dirty sheet to a roller from the edge of the bed towards the patient. 5. Spread out to the spare place a clean sheet, half of which remains rolled up. 6. Turn the patient on the other side to face him on the spread half of a clean sheet, remove the dirty sheet and spread clean. 7. Lay the patient on his back, put pillows, cover with a blanket. The second method of changing the bed linen is crossed and uses when the patient can sit or lift the upper part of the trunk. 1. Roll the sheet to the roller across the width to 2/3. 2. Gently lift the patient, supporting the back and shoulders. 3. Roll the dirty sheet into a roller in the direction from the head and foot ends of the bed to the lumbar region of the patient. 4. Put a clean sheet rolled up in the same way under the waist of the patient and straighten it. 5. Tuck clean sheet from all sides under the mattress, cover the patient.