000654

55 5. Enter the flatus tube (on the simulator). 6. Make different types of enemas (on the simulator). Content of training material The main symptoms of diseases of the digestive system Abdominal pain takes a leading place. A large group of complaints are dys- peptic disorders (dis – disorder, pepsis-digestion), these include appetite disor- der, belching, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, bloating, stool disorder (diarrhea, constipation). Gastric lavage Indications : first aid (within 4–6 hours) in acute poisoning by high doses of drugs taken inside, by bad foods, alcohol, mushrooms and other toxic agents; diseases of the stomach (uremic gastritis); bowel obstruction; pyloric stenosis. Contraindications : esophageal ulcers and tumors; bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract; oral cavity diseases; severe heart pathology. Equipment : thick sterile gastric probe with 3 marks, funnel capacity of 1 l, apron, basin, bucket of water (temperature 36ºC), bailer, rubber gloves, towel, jar volume 1l with label (gastric lavage, patient name, Department, ward, date, nurse signature). The sequence of actions when washing the stomach. 1. Wash your hands with soap. 2. The patient sits on a chair, put an apron on it, put a basin between the legs for washing waters, to the right of the patient – a bucket of water and a bailer. 3. In the right hand, take the probe as a writing pen, give to the assistant a funnel and ask to keep it below the patient’s knees. 4. Stand to the right of the patient, ask him to tilt his head slightly forward and down. 5. Moisten the probe with water, ask the patient to open his mouth, put the end of the probe on the root of the tongue, ask to say « a‑a‑a » , and enter the probe. 6. Gradually advance the probe to the 2nd mark to suppress the gag reflex, ask to breathe deeply through the nose. 7. Holding the funnel obliquely, pour boiling water (a weak solution of potassium permanganate) into it in an amount of 1 liter. 8. Slowly raising the funnel above the patient’s head, keep it tilted so that the air does not get into the stomach. As soon as the water reaches the narrow part of the funnel, move the funnel below the patient’s knees and wait for the funnel to fill with the washing water.